Misconceptions about Psychopathy
Psychopaths are often depicted in the media as murderers and criminals, but these are the less functional psychopaths. Functional psychopaths use charm and charisma to manipulate others in pursuit of self-serving goals. Behind the charm, they are ruthless and chameleon-like, thriving on risk and chaos to exploit others to achieve their goals.
Prevalence of Psychopathy
It is estimated almost four percent of adults have features of antisocial personality disorder, otherwise known as sociopathy or psychopathy. Three percent of men and one percent of women are psychopaths. We will all encounter them in our lives. If you have been unfortunate to work with a psychopath, or worse, live with one, you will have ultimately suffered.
Functional vs. Non-Functional Psychopaths
More functional psychopaths tend to ‘succeed’ in organisations where they charm and manipulate their way up the corporate ladder. Generally, psychopaths gravitate towards positions of power over others. A higher proportion of psychopaths are found in areas such as business, politics, law enforcement agencies, law firms, religious organisations and the media. This is because attributes like aggressiveness, ambition, manipulation and goal achievement are considered strengths. Advertisements for management positions often unknowingly list desirable criteria that match, and therefore attract, psychopaths.
Non-functional psychopaths, often depicted in the media, represent individuals whose psychopathy results in maladaptive, destructive behaviours. These individuals struggle to integrate within society due to their inability to control impulses and navigate social norms. Their actions are typically more overtly harmful, leading to criminality, aggression, and an inability to function effectively in various aspects of life. Unlike their functional counterparts, who may succeed in certain environments, non-functional psychopaths tend to face significant challenges in maintaining relationships, holding steady employment, and abiding by societal laws and expectations.
Identifying a Psychopath: What are the signs of a Psychopath?
Psychopaths are often highly engaging, witty, charming, and fun to be around, but they are also deceitful and exploit others. They lack empathy, have no regard for the rights of others and act to serve their own purposes. They can act impulsively, be destructive and harm others without guilt or remorse.
What Motivates Psychopaths?
Psychopaths lack a social and moral conscience and are unable to form empathic emotional attachments. They are not interested in forming emotional bonds with others unless it serves their needs. They form relationships only to serve their objectives. People who are lured and seduced by psychopaths unknowingly serve them, enabling them to achieve their goals. Once exploited and no longer useful, these individuals are abandoned and left damaged.
The Dynamics of a Psychopathic Behaviour
Manipulation Strategies
Psychopaths work by manipulating others. Rarely do they act directly. They maintain a clean image. Manipulating others comes naturally to psychopaths, for whom it is like a game. Psychopaths tend to cast people into four main roles: pawns, patrons, police and patsy.
Pawns are individuals who hold little social or political power. They are manipulated to serve the psychopath and advance their agenda. Like pawns in a chess game, they are readily available, easily manipulated, and discarded.
Patrons, in contrast, hold social and political power and influence. The objective of the psychopath is to groom these individuals to exploit their power and influence for protection and personal gain. They groom them with techniques such as giving compliments, doing them favours, giving presents, and even compromising them to maintain control over them. When no longer needed, they, too, are betrayed and left damaged.
Police are individuals that can potentially obstruct or impede a psychopath’s agenda. These individuals are targeted to neutralise any threat they pose.
Lastly, there is the patsy, the victim. The individual might have been a pawn or a patron but is no longer needed and becomes a patsy. The psychopath has played their moves, and the individual is now superfluous. The patsy is left deceived, exploited, abused, betrayed, cheated, blamed, ridiculed and psychologically damaged.
How to Deal with Psychopaths in the Workplace?
Psychopaths believe they are superior to others. They perceive others are only present to serve their needs. Their charm and manipulation optimise their ability to achieve their objectives, so they will likely be fast-tracked through organisations. They maintain tight control over their team, who learn to comply. Any dissidents are singled out and targeted like the sacrificial lamb. Psychopaths tend to be micro-managers and workplace bullies. They engage in splitting behaviour, using their patrons for protection and their pawn's loyalty to carry out their deeds. Those who try to expose or ‘police’ them are also targeted with the intent of neutralising the threat they pose.
Psychopaths Create a Toxic WorkPlace
When psychopaths are employed as managers, research has found that their staff are twice as likely to take sick leave than employees working under a manager who is not a psychopath. Furthermore, their staff are likely to have lower productivity. The higher the psychopath climbs, the more damage they inflict. More competent managers will leave or be targeted if perceived as competition. The psychopath’s impact is like a contagion.
Cultivating Transparent Work Cultures
In organisations, the solution is to promote a culture of transparency and honesty. Encourage open communication, reward honesty, establish independent and capable human resources and ensure independent staff support, such as through an independent Counselling Psychologist.
Tools for Identifying Workplace Psychopaths
One method developed to identify workplace psychopaths is the 360-degree assessment. It uses employee questionnaires: immediate supervisor, subordinates, former boss, peers, and other internal stakeholders. The data is then reviewed according to various categories and sub-categories, including: ‘insincere’ (for example, ‘makes a well-packaged slick presentation’, ‘difficult to pin down on personal details’), untrustworthy (‘will say or do anything to get his own way’, ‘tells a larger than usual number of white lies’), manipulative, arrogant, insensitive, remorseless, shallow, blaming, impatient, erratic, unreliable, unfocused, parasitic, dramatic, unethical and bullying.
Like cheetahs, laying camouflaged in the scrub, you will often not see the psychopath and only become aware of them when you fall victim.
If you are dealing with a psychopath or have fallen victim to their exploits, then we are here to assist you.
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(c) 2020 Dean Harrison
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